Phishing is a type of cyber attack in which attackers use deceptive techniques to trick individuals into providing sensitive information, such as login credentials, personal details, or financial information. The term “phishing” is derived from the analogy of fishing, where attackers use bait to lure their victims. Phishing attacks can take various forms, including spear phishing (targeting specific individuals), vishing (voice phishing using phone calls), and smishing (phishing via SMS or text messages). The goal of a phishing attempt is to steal login credentials, gain unauthorised access to accounts, or commit identity theft.

To avoid falling victim to phishing attacks, individuals should be cautious when clicking on links, verify the legitimacy of emails and websites, use multi-factor authentication, and stay informed about common phishing tactics. Additionally, organisations employ security measures, such as email filtering and employee training, to mitigate the risk of phishing attacks.

What are the common types of phishing attacks?

Deceptive Communication

Attackers often impersonate trustworthy entities, such as banks, government agencies, or well-known companies, through emails, messages, or websites.

Bait

Phishing messages typically contain a hook or bait that entices recipients to take a specific action, such as clicking on a malicious link, downloading an infected attachment, or providing sensitive information.

Create a False Sense of Urgency

Phishers often create a sense of urgency or fear to prompt quick and impulsive responses from victims. This may involve claiming that an account will be closed, a payment is overdue, or other consequences if immediate action is not taken.

Spoofed Websites

Phishing attacks may lead victims to fake websites that closely resemble legitimate ones, tricking them into entering sensitive information.

Email Spoofing

Attackers may use email spoofing techniques to make their messages appear as if they come from a trusted source, increasing the likelihood that recipients will fall for the scam.

Social Engineering

Phishers leverage social engineering tactics to exploit human psychology and manipulate individuals into divulging confidential information.